Modern History Set 80 | MROY Class

Modern History Set 80 Questions & Answers

The Regulating Act of 1773 was passed by the British Parliament primarily to regulate the affairs of the East India Company. Which of the following was NOT a provision of this Act? – It completely ended the commercial monopoly of the East India Company in India.
Which Act created the ‘Board of Control’ to manage the political affairs of India, establishing a system of double government that lasted until 1858? – Pitt’s India Act of 1784
The Charter Act of 1813 is considered a landmark in British educational policy in India because it: – Allocated an annual sum of one lakh rupees for the promotion of education among Indians
The Charter Act of 1833 centralized the administration in India. It redesignated the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor-General of India. Who was the first person to hold this new title? – Lord William Bentinck
Which legislative Act introduced, for the first time, local representation in the Indian (Central) Legislative Council by appointing members from the local governments of Madras, Bombay, Bengal, and Agra? – Charter Act of 1853
Following the Revolt of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 abolished the East India Company and transferred power to the British Crown. It created a new office to govern India, known as what? – The Secretary of State for India
The Indian Councils Act of 1861 marked an important step towards decentralized administration by restoring the legislative powers of which two Presidencies? – Bombay and Madras
The principle of indirect election was introduced for the first time for some non-official seats in the legislative councils under which Act? – Indian Councils Act 1892
The Morley-Minto Reforms (1909) introduced a controversial electoral mechanism that profoundly impacted India’s political future. What was it? – Separate electorates for Muslims
The Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) introduced a bicameral legislature at the center. It also introduced which new system of governance in the provinces? – Dyarchy (Dual rule)
The Government of India Act 1935 proposed the establishment of an ‘All India Federation’ consisting of provinces and princely states. Why did this Federation never come into existence? – The required number of Princely States refused to join it.
The Government of India Act 1935 divided legislative powers into three lists: Federal, Provincial, and Concurrent. In whom were the residuary powers vested under this Act? – The Viceroy (Governor-General)
In 1793, Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Settlement of land revenue in Bengal. Under this system, what was the status of the Zamindars? – They were recognized as the absolute owners of the land as long as they paid the revenue.
The Ryotwari system, where land revenue was directly settled with the cultivator (ryot), was initially introduced on a small scale by Captain Alexander Read and subsequently expanded in the Madras Presidency by whom? – Thomas Munro
The Mahalwari system, which made the village community collectively responsible for revenue payment, was primarily introduced in which of the following regions? – North-Western Provinces, parts of Central India, and Punjab
Which prominent Indian nationalist leader coined the phrase “Drain of Wealth” to describe the systematic economic exploitation of India by the British? – Dadabhai Naoroji
The first Famine Commission in British India, appointed in 1880 to formulate a general famine code following the devastating famines of 1876-78, was headed by whom? – Sir Richard Strachey
The ‘Managing Agency System’ was a prominent feature of the colonial Indian economy. What did it essentially facilitate? – British control and management of Indian-owned joint-stock companies with minimal capital investment.
Lord Dalhousie’s ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ allowed the British to annex an Indian state if its ruler died without a natural male heir. Which of the following states was NOT annexed under this doctrine? – Awadh
Which Governor-General of India introduced the ‘Subsidiary Alliance’ system, a strategy to bring Indian states under British paramountcy without direct warfare? – Lord Wellesley
Who was the British Viceroy when the Indian National Congress was founded in 1885? – Lord Dufferin
Which Viceroy, known for his reactionary policies, passed the Vernacular Press Act (1878) and the Arms Act (1878)? – Lord Lytton
Lord Ripon is widely remembered as the “Father of Local Self-Government in India” for his landmark resolution passed in which year? – 1882
The controversial Ilbert Bill (1883), which sought to remove racial discrimination in the judiciary, was introduced during the tenure of which Viceroy? – Lord Ripon
The partition of Bengal (1905), the passing of the Indian Universities Act (1904), and the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act (1904) occurred during the viceroyalty of whom? – Lord Curzon
The capital of British India was shifted from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911 during the tenure of which Viceroy? – Lord Hardinge II
The Rowlatt Act (1919) and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred during the viceroyalty of whom? – Lord Chelmsford
Who was the Viceroy of India when the Simon Commission visited the country and the Civil Disobedience Movement was launched? – Lord Irwin
The historic Quit India Movement was launched in August 1942 during the tenure of which Viceroy? – Lord Linlithgow
Which Viceroy convened the Simla Conference in 1945 in an attempt to reconstitute the Executive Council? – Lord Wavell

MROY Class

Modern History Set 80

🔍

📌 Quick Summary — Modern History Set 80

Regulating Act 1773: Initiated centralization, established Supreme Court, but did NOT end commercial monopoly.
Pitt’s India Act 1784: Created the ‘Board of Control’ for political affairs (Double Government).
Charter Act 1813: Allocated ₹1 Lakh annually for education; ended EIC monopoly (except tea & China).
Charter Act 1833: William Bentinck became the first Governor-General of India.
Charter Act 1853: Introduced local representation in the Central Legislative Council.
1858 Act: Transferred power to the Crown; created the office of the Secretary of State for India.
Councils Act 1861: Restored legislative powers to Bombay and Madras (decentralization).
Councils Act 1892: Introduced the principle of indirect elections.
Morley-Minto (1909): Divisively introduced separate electorates for Muslims.
Montagu-Chelmsford (1919): Introduced Dyarchy (Dual rule) in the provinces.
Govt of India Act 1935: Proposed an All India Federation (failed) and vested residuary powers in the Viceroy.
Permanent Settlement (1793): Made Zamindars absolute landowners (Cornwallis).
Ryotwari System: Direct settlement with cultivators; expanded by Thomas Munro in Madras.
Mahalwari System: Village community responsible for revenue; introduced in North-West/Punjab.
Economic Critique: Dadabhai Naoroji coined the “Drain of Wealth” theory.
Famine Response: Sir Richard Strachey headed the first Famine Commission (1880).
Managing Agency System: Allowed British capital to easily control Indian joint-stock companies.
Doctrine of Lapse: Dalhousie’s policy; Awadh was annexed for ‘misgovernance’, not lapse.
Subsidiary Alliance: Wellesley’s policy to subordinate Indian states without direct war.
Viceroy Dufferin: Presided during the founding of the INC in 1885.
Viceroy Lytton: Reactionary ruler; passed the Vernacular Press & Arms Acts (1878).
Viceroy Ripon: The “Good Viceroy”; pushed Local Self-Govt (1882) and the Ilbert Bill (1883).
Viceroy Curzon: Partitioned Bengal in 1905 to divide nationalist sentiment.
Viceroy Hardinge II: Shifted the capital from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911.
Viceroy Chelmsford: Oversaw the Rowlatt Act & Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919).
Viceroy Irwin: Viceroy during Simon Commission and Civil Disobedience Movement.
Viceroy Linlithgow: Oversaw the Quit India Movement in 1942.
Viceroy Wavell: Convened the failed Simla Conference in 1945.

Timer ⏳

20:00

Progress (0/30)

Click any card to flip and reveal the summarized answer!

Smart Review: Questions you got wrong appear here for focused study.

Navigation Menu

Modern History Set 80

📌 Quick Summary — Modern History Set 80

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply

📌 Quick Summary — Modern History Set 80

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply

Current Affairs

Month wise Current Affairs