The Aitchison Commission (1886) recommended dropping the term 'Covenanted'. Which demand of the nationalists did it reject?

Holding simultaneous ICS examinations in England and India

In 1772, Warren Hastings took the first major step to regulate the judicial system by establishing two courts in each district. What were they called?

Diwani Adalat (Civil) and Faujdari Adalat (Criminal)

What major administrative change did the Regulating Act of 1773 introduce regarding the Presidencies?

It subordinated the Presidencies of Bombay and Madras to the Governor-General of Bengal.

The Charter Act of 1833 was a major step toward centralization in India. Which of the following was a key provision of this Act?

It ended the Company's trade monopoly completely, including the trade in tea and trade with China.

The Government of India Act 1858 transferred power from the East India Company to the British Crown. It created a new office to exercise the powers of the Crown over India. What was this office called?

The Secretary of State for India

The Indian Councils Act of 1861 marked the beginning of representative institutions. It also gave statutory recognition to which administrative system introduced by Lord Canning?

The Portfolio system (cabinet system)

What major right was granted to the members of the legislative councils under the Indian Councils Act of 1892?

The right to discuss the budget and ask questions on matters of public interest

The Morley-Minto Reforms (Indian Councils Act of 1909) introduced a controversial provision that sowed the seeds of communalism in Indian politics. What was it?

Separate electorates for Muslims

Who became the first Indian to join the Viceroy's Executive Council as a law member under the Indian Councils Act of 1909?

Satyendra Prasad Sinha (S.P. Sinha)

The Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) introduced a bicameral legislature at the center. What were the two houses called?

The Legislative Assembly and the Council of State

The Government of India Act 1935 proposed the establishment of an All India Federation. Why did this Federation never materialize?

The required number of Princely States refused to join it.

What did the original Ilbert Bill (1883) propose to do, which caused a massive uproar among the European community in India?

It sought to allow Indian magistrates and judges to try European offenders in criminal cases.

Modern History Set 61 | MROY Class

Modern History Set 61 (Questions & Answers)

Who is often regarded as the “Father of Civil Service in India”? – Lord Cornwallis
In 1800, Lord Wellesley established which institution in Calcutta for training civil servants? – Fort William College
Which Charter Act introduced the principle of an open competitive examination for the ICS? – Charter Act of 1853
In 1863, who became the first Indian to clear the ICS exam? – Satyendranath Tagore
Which demand of the nationalists did the Aitchison Commission (1886) reject? – Holding simultaneous ICS examinations in England and India
The Lee Commission (1923) recommended the immediate establishment of what institution? – A Public Service Commission
Who was placed in charge of regular police circles (‘Thanas’) by Lord Cornwallis? – The Daroga (an Indian officer)
The Police Commission of 1902 (recommended CID) was appointed by which Viceroy? – Lord Curzon
In 1772, Warren Hastings established two courts in each district called? – Diwani Adalat and Faujdari Adalat
Who was appointed as the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at Calcutta? – Sir Elijah Impey
The Indian High Courts Act of 1861 established modern High Courts in which three cities? – Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras
The Indian Penal Code (IPC) was primarily drafted by the First Law Commission chaired by whom? – Lord Macaulay
Which Viceroy is hailed as the “Father of Local Self Government in India”? – Lord Ripon
The Royal Commission on Decentralization (1908) was chaired by whom? – C.E.H. Hobhouse
What major administrative change did the Regulating Act of 1773 introduce regarding the Presidencies? – It subordinated Bombay and Madras to the Governor-General of Bengal.
Pitt’s India Act of 1784 created which body to supervise political affairs? – The Board of Control
Which Act was the first to explicitly state that it was the duty of the British government to promote the education of Indians? – The Charter Act of 1813
Which of the following was a key provision of the Charter Act of 1833? – It ended the Company’s trade monopoly completely.
The Government of India Act 1858 created what new office to exercise the powers of the Crown? – The Secretary of State for India
The Indian Councils Act of 1861 gave statutory recognition to which administrative system? – The Portfolio system (cabinet system)
What major right was granted under the Indian Councils Act of 1892? – The right to discuss the budget and ask questions
What controversial provision did the Morley-Minto Reforms (1909) introduce? – Separate electorates for Muslims
Who became the first Indian to join the Viceroy’s Executive Council as a law member? – Satyendra Prasad Sinha (S.P. Sinha)
What were the two houses called under the bicameral legislature introduced in 1919? – The Legislative Assembly and the Council of State
The Government of India Act 1919 introduced ‘Dyarchy’ at which level? – The Provincial Governments
Why did the All India Federation proposed in 1935 never materialize? – The required number of Princely States refused to join it.
To settle disputes, the Government of India Act 1935 provided for the establishment of which judicial body? – The Federal Court of India
Lord Lytton’s Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was infamously referred to as? – The Gagging Act
Which group was notably exempted from the Arms Act of 1878? – Europeans and Anglo-Indians
What did the original Ilbert Bill (1883) propose to do? – It sought to allow Indian magistrates to try European offenders.

MROY Class

Modern History Set 61

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📌 Quick Summary — Modern History Set 61

Civil Services: Lord Cornwallis is the Father of Civil Service; Wellesley founded Fort William College (1800).
ICS Reforms: Charter Act of 1853 introduced competitive exams. Satyendranath Tagore became the first Indian ICS officer in 1863.
Commissions: Aitchison (1886) rejected simultaneous exams; Lee (1923) established the Public Service Commission (1926).
Police: Cornwallis introduced the Daroga system; Curzon formed the CID based on the 1902 Police Commission.
Judiciary: Hastings created Diwani/Faujdari Adalats (1772); Impey was the 1st Chief Justice (1773). Modern High Courts formed in 1862. Lord Macaulay drafted the IPC.
Local Govt: Ripon is the Father of Local Self-Government (1882). Hobhouse headed the Decentralization Commission (1908).
Centralization: 1773 Act subordinated Presidencies; 1784 Pitt’s Act formed Board of Control; 1833 Act ended EIC trade monopoly entirely.
Education: Charter Act of 1813 allocated 1 lakh rupees for Indian education.
Crown Rule: 1858 Act created the Secretary of State for India.
Councils: 1861 Act validated the Portfolio system; 1892 Act allowed budget discussion; 1909 Act introduced separate electorates.
Firsts: S.P. Sinha was the 1st Indian in the Viceroy’s Executive Council (1909).
1919 Act: Introduced a bicameral legislature at the center and Dyarchy in the provinces.
1935 Act: Proposed an All India Federation (failed due to Princes) and formed the Federal Court.
Controversial Acts: Lytton passed the Vernacular Press Act (“Gagging Act”) and Arms Act (1878). Ripon faced the Ilbert Bill controversy (1883).

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Modern History Set 61

📌 Quick Summary — Modern History Set 61

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📌 Quick Summary — Modern History Set 61

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