Modern History Set 138
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📌 Quick Summary — Modern History Set 138
- Pre-INC Political Associations: Landholders’ Society (1838), British Indian Association (1851), East India Association (1866), Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (1870), Indian Association of Calcutta (1876).
- Indian National Congress: Lord Dufferin called it a “microscopic minority”; Lord Lansdowne prohibited govt employees from attending.
- Economic Impact of British Rule: “Drain of Wealth” theory by Dadabhai Naoroji; The Economic History of India by R.C. Dutt; Introduction of railways and jute mills.
- Land Revenue Systems: Ryotwari system expanded by Thomas Munro; Mahalwari system designed by Holt Mackenzie.
- Peasant & Agrarian Uprisings: Indigo Revolt originated in Nadia; Pabna Leagues in Yusufshahi Pargana; Deccan Riots targeted moneylenders.
- Development of Indian Press: Bengal Gazette (first), Mirat-ul-Akbar (Rammohan Roy), Som Prakash (Vidyasagar), Hindu Patriot, Amrita Bazar Patrika, Kesari (Tilak).
- Labor & Factory Acts: Factory Act 1881 banned labor under 7; 1891 Act gave weekly holidays; AITUC formed in 1920 (Lajpat Rai first president).
- Left & Socialist Movements: CPI founded in Tashkent (M.N. Roy); Philip Spratt arrested in Meerut Conspiracy; Congress Socialist Party formed by JP Narayan and Narendra Dev.
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