Who was the powerful foster mother of Akbar during the "Petticoat Government"?

Maham Anaga was Akbar's chief wet-nurse and foster mother. Following the dismissal of Bairam Khan in 1560, she and her son Adham Khan exerted immense influence over the young Emperor.

The Khalsa was founded on the day of Baisakhi in 1699 by which Guru?

Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, initiated the Khalsa on Baisakhi day in 1699 at Anandpur Sahib.

What were peasants who owned the land they cultivated and were permanent residents of the village known as?

Khudkasht (literally "self-cultivated") peasants were the elite among the cultivating class holding hereditary occupancy rights.

What was the specific term for the non-resident cultivators who belonged to another village but leased land?

Pahikasht peasants were migrant or non-resident cultivators who leased land temporarily.

During whose reign did Abdur Razzaq visit the Vijayanagara Empire?

Abdur Razzaq visited Vijayanagara in 1443 during the reign of the powerful Sangama ruler Deva Raya II.

In which city was the Dutch East India Company's first factory in India located?

The VOC established its first Indian factory at Masulipatnam in 1605 on the Coromandel coast.

Who was Emperor Aurangzeb’s eldest daughter, imprisoned for the last 20 years of her life, who wrote under the pen name Makhfi?

Zeb-un-Nissa, Aurangzeb's eldest daughter, was a brilliant scholar and poet who wrote under the pseudonym Makhfi.

At which battle did an English fleet command by Captain Thomas Best defeat a Portuguese armada in 1612?

The Battle of Swally Hole (1612), where Captain Thomas Best’s two English ships decisively defeated a much larger Portuguese fleet.

Which Sultan authored the Futuhat-i-Firoz Shahi?

The Futuhat-i-Firoz Shahi is a brief but highly significant text authored by Firuz Shah Tughlaq.

What was the fundamental, smallest unit of administration and revenue collection in the Mughal Empire?

The Mauza (Village) was the foundational unit of the Mughal state, administered by the local Muqaddam and Patwari.

Which tax did Aurangzeb controversially re-impose in 1679?

In 1679, Aurangzeb re-imposed the Jizyah (poll tax on non-Muslims) after it had been abolished by Akbar in 1564.

Who was the nominal commander-in-chief of the Maratha army during the Third Battle of Panipat?

Vishwas Rao, the 19-year-old eldest son of Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao, was the nominal commander-in-chief.

Which Sultanate did Zafar Khan (Muzaffar Shah) found in 1407?

Zafar Khan assumed the title Muzaffar Shah and founded the independent Gujarat Sultanate in 1407.

What was the original birth name of Emperor Shah Jahan?

Shah Jahan was born Prince Khurram and was given the title Shah Jahan by his father Jahangir in 1617.

The ruined city of Mandu served as the capital of which independent Sultanate?

Mandu, famous for its romantic architecture and the love story of Baz Bahadur and Rupmati, was the capital of the Malwa Sultanate.

Which Delhi Sultan introduced the practice of paying his soldiers a fixed salary directly in cash?

Alauddin Khalji began paying his massive standing cavalry army entirely in cash from the central treasury.

Which brilliant Mughal administrator introduced the Zabti system into the Deccan provinces under Shah Jahan?

Murshid Quli Khan systematically surveyed the land and introduced the Zabti system in the Deccan.

Which British settlement was captured by the French during the First Carnatic War?

During the First Carnatic War, the French forces besieged and captured Fort St. George (Madras) in 1746.

Which European artistic technique became widely adopted in Mughal painting under Jahangir?

Chiaroscuro, the technique of using contrasting light and shadow to create three-dimensional volume, was introduced by Jesuits.

From which specific city in Morocco did Ibn Battuta originate?

Ibn Battuta was a Berber Muslim scholar and explorer born in Tangier, Morocco.

Which was the first Indian state to formally accept the Subsidiary Alliance in 1798?

The Nizam of Hyderabad was the first ruler to accept Lord Wellesley’s Subsidiary Alliance in 1798.

The tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti is located within the Jama Masjid of which Mughal city?

The exquisite white marble tomb for Shaikh Salim Chishti is located in the courtyard of the Jama Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri.

What did the practice of Dagh, introduced by Alauddin Khalji, entail?

Dagh was the strict system of branding the imperial horses with a hot iron mark to prevent fraud during military musters.

Who was installed as the puppet Nawab of Bengal following the Battle of Plassey (1757)?

Mir Jafar, who betrayed Siraj-ud-Daula during the battle, was made the puppet Nawab of Bengal by the EIC.

Which magnificent South Indian temple is located on the island of Rameswaram?

The Ramanathaswamy Temple at Rameswaram, expanded by the Setupati rulers, features the longest temple corridor in the world.

Which coastal fortress served as the impregnable headquarters of the Maratha fleet under Kanhoji Angre?

Vijaydurg (the Victory Fort) served as Kanhoji Angre's naval headquarters and allowed the Marathas to dominate the Konkan coast.

As part of the Treaty of Allahabad (1765), how much was Shuja-ud-Daula forced to pay as a war indemnity?

Shuja-ud-Daula was forced to pay a crippling war indemnity of 50 Lakhs (5 million) rupees to the East India Company.

Saadat Khan (Burhan-ul-Mulk) laid the foundation for an independent dynasty in which province?

Saadat Khan was appointed the Subahdar of Awadh in 1722 and founded the dynasty of the Nawabs of Awadh.

Which monument is considered the first Mughal structure entirely built of white marble?

The Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula, built between 1622 and 1628 by Nur Jahan, was the first Mughal structure built entirely of white marble.

In Maratha administration, the chief officer of a Pargana responsible for revenue and magisterial duties was known as the:

The Mamlatdar (or Kamavisdar) was the backbone of Maratha provincial administration.

Medieval History Set 53 | MROY Class

Medieval History Questions & Answers (Set 53)

Who was the powerful foster mother of Akbar during the “Petticoat Government”? – Maham Anaga
The Khalsa was founded on the day of Baisakhi in 1699 by which Guru? – Guru Gobind Singh
What were peasants who owned the land they cultivated and were permanent residents known as? – Khudkasht
What was the specific term for the non-resident cultivators who leased land on a temporary basis? – Pahikasht
During whose reign did Abdur Razzaq visit the Vijayanagara Empire? – Deva Raya II
In which city was the Dutch East India Company’s first factory in India located? – Masulipatnam
Who was Emperor Aurangzeb’s eldest daughter, who wrote under the pen name Makhfi? – Zeb-un-Nissa
At which battle did Captain Thomas Best defeat a Portuguese armada in 1612? – Swally Hole
Which Sultan authored the Futuhat-i-Firoz Shahi? – Firuz Shah Tughlaq
What was the fundamental, smallest unit of administration and revenue collection in the Mughal Empire? – Mauza (Village)
Which tax did Aurangzeb controversially re-impose in 1679? – Jizyah
Who was the nominal commander-in-chief of the Maratha army during the Third Battle of Panipat? – Vishwas Rao
Which Sultanate did Zafar Khan found in 1407? – The Gujarat Sultanate
What was the original birth name of Emperor Shah Jahan? – Prince Khurram
The ruined city of Mandu served as the capital of which independent Sultanate? – Malwa
Which Delhi Sultan introduced the practice of paying his soldiers directly in cash? – Alauddin Khalji
Which brilliant Mughal administrator introduced the Zabti system into the Deccan under Shah Jahan? – Murshid Quli Khan
Which British settlement was captured by the French during the First Carnatic War? – Fort St. George (Madras)
Which European artistic technique became widely adopted in Mughal painting under Jahangir? – Chiaroscuro
From which specific city in Morocco did Ibn Battuta originate? – Tangier
Which was the first Indian state to formally accept the Subsidiary Alliance in 1798? – The Nizam of Hyderabad
The tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti is located within the Jama Masjid of which Mughal city? – Fatehpur Sikri
What did the practice of Dagh, introduced by Alauddin Khalji, entail? – Branding the imperial horses
Who was installed as the puppet Nawab of Bengal following the Battle of Plassey (1757)? – Mir Jafar
Which magnificent South Indian temple is located on the island of Rameswaram? – Ramanathaswamy Temple
Which coastal fortress served as the impregnable headquarters of the Maratha fleet? – Vijaydurg
As part of the Treaty of Allahabad (1765), how much was Shuja-ud-Daula forced to pay? – 50 Lakhs
Saadat Khan (Burhan-ul-Mulk) laid the foundation for an independent dynasty in which province? – Awadh
Which monument is considered the first Mughal structure entirely built of white marble? – Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula
In Maratha administration, the chief officer of a Pargana was known as the: – Mamlatdar (or Kamavisdar)

MROY Class

Medieval History Set 53

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📌 Quick Summary — Medieval History Set 53

Petticoat Government: Maham Anaga led the ‘Petticoat Government’ under Akbar.
Sikh Khalsa: Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa on Baisakhi in 1699.
Mughal Economy: Khudkasht peasants were resident cultivators owning their land.
Mughal Economy: Pahikasht peasants were migrant, non-resident cultivators.
Vijayanagara Empire: Abdur Razzaq visited under the reign of Deva Raya II.
European Advent: The Dutch VOC opened their first Indian factory in Masulipatnam.
Mughal Culture: Aurangzeb’s imprisoned daughter Zeb-un-Nissa wrote as Makhfi.
Naval Battles: Captain Thomas Best defeated the Portuguese at Swally Hole (1612).
Delhi Sultanate: Firuz Shah Tughlaq authored the Futuhat-i-Firoz Shahi.
Mughal Admin: The Mauza (Village) was the smallest revenue unit.
Aurangzeb: Re-imposed the Jizyah tax on non-Muslims in 1679.
Panipat Battle: Vishwas Rao was the Marathas’ nominal commander-in-chief in 1761.
Gujarat Sultanate: Founded by Zafar Khan (Muzaffar Shah) in 1407.
Mughal Empire: Prince Khurram was the birth name of Shah Jahan.
Malwa Sultanate: The ruined city of Mandu served as its capital.
Khalji Dynasty: Alauddin Khalji paid his massive standing army entirely in cash.
Deccan Admin: Murshid Quli Khan introduced the Zabti system in the Deccan.
Carnatic Wars: The French captured Fort St. George (Madras) in the First Carnatic War.
Mughal Art: European Chiaroscuro (light and shadow) was adopted under Jahangir.
Travelers: The Moroccan explorer Ibn Battuta originated from Tangier.
Subsidiary Alliance: The Nizam of Hyderabad was the first to accept it in 1798.
Mughal Architecture: Shaikh Salim Chishti’s tomb is in Fatehpur Sikri’s Jama Masjid.
Sultanate Admin: Dagh involved branding imperial horses to prevent military fraud.
Battle of Plassey: Mir Jafar was made the puppet Nawab of Bengal in 1757.
South Indian Temples: Ramanathaswamy Temple (Rameswaram) has the longest corridor.
Maratha Navy: Vijaydurg was the impregnable headquarters of Kanhoji Angre.
Treaty of Allahabad: Shuja-ud-Daula paid a 50 Lakh rupee indemnity.
Later Mughals: Saadat Khan founded the independent dynasty of Awadh.
Mughal Architecture: Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula was the first built purely of white marble.
Maratha Admin: The Mamlatdar managed revenue and justice in a Pargana.

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Medieval History Set 53

📌 Quick Summary — Medieval History Set 53

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📌 Quick Summary — Medieval History Set 53

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